An Illinois 2025 House bill that would decriminalize personal possession of psilocybin mushrooms — part of a wave of Midwest state-level psychedelic reform efforts.
Illinois HB 1143 would remove psilocybin and psilocin from the state's Schedule I controlled substances list and create a licensed, supervised access program for adults 21 and older. Rep. La Shawn K. Ford introduced the bill on January 9, 2025, in the 104th Illinois General Assembly.
The bill is formally known as the Compassionate Use and Research of Entheogens (CURE) Act. It follows the service-center model used in Oregon and Colorado, where adults take psilocybin on-site with a trained guide rather than buying it in a store or taking it home.
The CURE Act is not a narrow decriminalization bill. It is a full regulatory framework: licensing for service centers, facilitators, manufacturers, and product testing labs, plus a 15% tax and an Illinois Psilocybin Advisory Board to oversee implementation.
Illinois has a population of about 12.6 million people — the largest of any Midwestern state. If HB 1143 passes, Illinois would become the first Midwest state to create a legal psilocybin access program, ahead of Michigan, Ohio, and Minnesota, which have seen earlier but less advanced proposals.
Illinois was also the first Midwest state to legalize cannabis for adult use, in 2019. Ford has cited that rollout as a model for how psilocybin reform can be done with equity and regulatory care built in from the start.
The CURE Act restructures how Illinois law treats psilocybin across multiple state agencies. Six departments — including Public Health, Agriculture, and Financial and Professional Regulation — share authority to write rules and issue licenses under the bill.
The bill's main provisions are:
Illinois HB 1143 mandates a three-phase session structure for every client who accesses psilocybin services at a licensed facility. Each phase is distinct and required by law.
This three-part model mirrors Oregon Measure 109's structure closely. It is an important operational detail that competitors and general news coverage routinely omit: the preparation and integration phases are not optional add-ons for the facilitator — the bill requires them to be offered.
Under current Illinois law, psilocybin and psilocin are Schedule I controlled substances under the Illinois Controlled Substances Act (720 ILCS 570). Possession is a felony.
The penalty tier depends on the amount. Possession of up to 15 grams of a controlled substance in Schedule I is a Class 4 felony in Illinois, which carries 1–3 years in prison. Amounts over 15 grams escalate to Class 1 or higher felony classifications. There is no civil infraction tier for any amount under current Illinois law.
HB 1143 would not just reduce these penalties — it would remove psilocybin from the controlled substances list entirely, ending all state criminal exposure for personal possession by adults 21 and older.
Illinois HB 1143 borrows from both Oregon Measure 109 and Colorado Proposition 122, but differs from each in meaningful ways. The table below shows where the three programs agree and where they diverge.
| Feature | Illinois HB 1143 (proposed) | Colorado Prop 122 (enacted) | Oregon Measure 109 (enacted) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Removes psilocybin from Schedule I | Yes | Yes | Yes (for licensed use only) |
| Personal home possession | Decriminalized for 21+ | Decriminalized for 21+ | Not decriminalized statewide |
| Home cultivation allowed | No | Yes (personal use) | No |
| Supervised on-site sessions | Yes — service centers | Yes — healing centers | Yes — service centers |
| Medical diagnosis required | No (explicitly prohibited) | No | No |
| Excise tax | 15% | None at retail (licensing fees) | None at service-center level |
| Current status | Pending — 104th General Assembly | Enacted — centers opened 2025 | Enacted — centers opened 2023 |
When Illinois fits differently from Colorado: Illinois does not include a home-growing provision. Colorado allows adults to grow their own psilocybin mushrooms for personal use; Illinois HB 1143 does not. If HB 1143 passes, Illinois adults would need to use a licensed service center — there is no personal cultivation pathway.
See the Colorado Proposition 122 guide and the Oregon Measure 109 guide for those programs in detail. For where psilocybin stands in every state, use the legal status by state tool.
Illinois HB 1143 was referred to the House Rules Committee after introduction on January 9, 2025. As of June 2026, no committee vote or floor vote has been scheduled in the 104th General Assembly, which runs through January 2027.
Bills that do not clear committee before the end of the General Assembly's term die automatically in Illinois and must be reintroduced in the next session. The 104th Assembly ends in January 2027, so HB 1143 has a limited window.
The psychedelic legalization tracker follows bill-status updates for HB 1143 and similar legislation across all states.
Illinois passing a psilocybin service-center law would be the most significant psychedelic reform event in the Midwest to date, for three concrete reasons.
First, Illinois has 12.6 million residents — more than Oregon and Colorado combined. A Midwest program of that scale would dramatically expand the number of people within driving distance of a legal psilocybin service center.
Second, Illinois's 2019 cannabis legalization (HB 1438) is the most-cited state equity model in the US. It required social-equity license applicants, set aside tax revenue for communities hit hardest by enforcement, and mandated expungement of prior convictions. Supporters of HB 1143 argue the same equity architecture should carry over to psilocybin. Rep. Ford has said this directly in public remarks.
Third, Illinois is a bellwether for neighboring states. Indiana, Iowa, Wisconsin, and Missouri have not advanced psilocybin legislation. Illinois moving first would put political pressure on Midwest neighbors and give them a working regulatory template to borrow or reject. For context on the broader city-level trend, see the guide to US cities that decriminalized psilocybin.
Psilocybin and psilocin remain Schedule I controlled substances under the federal Controlled Substances Act, regardless of what Illinois does. Illinois state law and federal law are separate legal systems.
If HB 1143 passes, Illinois residents could use psilocybin at a licensed service center without state criminal exposure. Federal agents could still enforce federal law, but the DEA and DOJ have not targeted Oregon or Colorado's state-licensed psilocybin programs since they launched.
Federal employees, people on supervised release or probation under federal terms, and anyone subject to a federal security clearance face additional risks that Illinois state law cannot remove. For a full state-by-state picture, see our guide to where magic mushrooms are legal and the what psychedelics are legal in the US guide.
No. Psilocybin is a Schedule I controlled substance under Illinois law. HB 1143 would remove it from the Schedule I list and create a licensed service-center program, but the bill has not passed as of June 2026.
HB 1143, the CURE Act, would remove psilocybin and psilocin from Illinois's Schedule I list and create licensed service centers where adults 21 and older can take psilocybin on-site with a trained facilitator. It also imposes a 15% tax and prohibits driving under the influence of psilocybin.
Rep. La Shawn K. Ford, a Chicago Democrat, introduced HB 1143 on January 9, 2025, in the 104th Illinois General Assembly. Ford has cited Illinois's cannabis legalization equity model as a template for psilocybin reform.
As of June 2026, HB 1143 is pending in the House Rules Committee. No floor vote has been scheduled. The 104th General Assembly runs through January 2027; the bill must pass before that session ends or it would need to be reintroduced.
No. HB 1143 does not include a personal home-growing provision. The bill creates a state-licensed service-center and manufacturing framework only. This is a key difference from Colorado Proposition 122, which allows adults to grow their own for personal use.
Both bills create a supervised on-site session model with preparation, administration, and integration phases. Oregon Measure 109 is an enacted law with operating service centers since 2023. Illinois HB 1143 is still pending and has not been voted on. Illinois's bill also includes a 15% excise tax and an advisory board with broader rulemaking authority than Oregon's initial setup.
Illinois HB 1143 has not passed. Legal supervised psilocybin access is available today in Oregon and Colorado, and at some retreat centers abroad. Our booking checklist walks through verifying a license, vetting a facilitator, and preparing for the day.
→ Legal psilocybin booking checklist · Check legal status by state
Get Illinois HB 1143 — Psilocybin Decriminalization updates
New votes, rules, court rulings, and access changes for Illinois HB 1143 — Psilocybin Decriminalization — delivered when they happen.
← Back to all psychedelic laws
Suggest a tool, topic, or improvement that would make this site more useful.